Tag: ASL

American Sign Language

  • Crowdsourcing to closed-caption videos with Amara

    pictograms used by the United States National ...
    pictograms used by the United States National Park Service. A package containing all NPS symbols is available at the Open Icon Library (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

    Yesterday’s Hangout On Air on American Sign Language (ASL) and Deaf culture is now a video on YouTube, and that video is being crowdsourced for subtitles at Amara. If you’ve never heard of Amara (I hadn’t until yesterday), it is a website dedicated to crowdsourcing the captioning of videos. How it works is that anyone can embed a video on Amara, and anyone can caption it on a volunteer basis. Captioning is very time-consuming. It involves both transcription, line division, and time coding. The average rate of speech is somewhere around 5 syllables per second (Kendall, 2009, p. 145). You have to listen to a few seconds of a video, pause the video, type what you just heard, and repeat the process. The transcription has to be time-coded; i.e., the words have to be matched with the time they appear on the video, usually at about 32 characters per line[1], so that’s time-consuming too. For these reasons, when it comes to help with closed-captioning, the more the merrier, especially because so many people make videos pro bono. This video is over 48 minutes, and of course it’s pro bono. If you would like to closed-caption a few lines of the video on Amara, please do. A little work by a lot of people will get the job done.

    Footnotes

    1. I don’t like to repeat statistics without sources, but 32 and 35 characters appeared often on webpages. Screen Subtitling’s white paper “Closed caption subtitling” [PDF] said “the number of characters per line or row is a set limitation” (Screen, 2008, p. 2) with no specification of the limit or reference to the authority. I searched the Internet for the “set limitation” on characters per line, and I found the same numbers repeated in different places with no traceable references. AutoCaption.com’s “Closed captioning defined” page said, “the features of traditional captioning are: … 32 characters per line” with no citation. Welstech wiki said the Department of Education required 35 characters per line, yet when I searched the US Department of Education website, I could find no such specification. CPC.com’s Closed Captioning FAQ answered the question, “What features are supported by CEA-608 closed captions for standard definition?” thus: ” […] A caption block can have up to 4 lines and up to 32 characters per line, although for accessibility reasons, it is recommended not to exceed 2 lines and 26 characters per line […].” I searched “CEA-608” to find the source, and I found the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) CEA-608-E Standard Details page. Unfortunately, the standards are published in a printed book that costs $300, $225 for members. Can anyone quote the source of authority? If so, please leave a comment.

    References

    Kendall, Tyler S. (2009). Speech rate, pause, and linguistic variation: An examination through the sociolinguistic archive and analysis project (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://ncslaap.lib.ncsu.edu/kendall/kendall-dissertation-final.pdf.

    Screen.  (July 2008). Closed caption subtitling. Retrieved from  http://www.screen.subtitling.com/downloads/Closed%20Caption%20subtitling.pdf

  • American Sign Language (ASL) Hangout On Air, Interpreted

    I participated in a Google+ Hangout On Air about American Sign Language (ASL) and Deaf culture by interpreting for Dylan, a Deaf man who shared his perspectives. I interpreted consecutively so that people could watch Dylan without voice interference; I also interpreted consecutively rather than simultaneously with the aim of providing a more accurate and natural interpretation. I interpreted for the first 15 minutes until 7pm PDT. For the rest of the Hangout, Dylan took questions in the Chat window and answered them using his voice. (more…)

  • Hangout On Air tomorrow, Deaf-Blind party today, and master’s degree update

    Hosting Hangout on Air this weekend

    You can tune in to a Google+ Hangout On Air tomorrow evening, May 13, at 6:30 PDT (UTC-7) co-hosted by me and Booger Bender. The topic is ASL and Deaf culture. The idea was M Monica‘s, and I have Naomi Black to thank for recommending me. Google enabled Hangout On Air hosting to Google+ members worldwide this week, so I look forward to hosting more HOA’s in the future. Posted here is a video about the new medium. Look forward to our HOA being posted live and for perpetuity on this blog, Google+, and YouTube. (more…)

  • Two texts that inspire & inform my teaching & professional practice

    My response to a homework assignment to reflect on texts (of any kind – books, articles, poems, videos, TV, movies, photos, paintings) that inspire and inform our teaching and professional practice. The two I picked were Dead Poets Society for teaching and Grey’s Anatomy for professional practice.

  • Fascinating post! I love it when interpreters & translators take charge* appropriately. I know in the ASL-English interpreting world, our Deaf consumers usually do no like it (to put it mildly) when Hearing interpreters “take control.” They see it as paternalistic, disempowering, and arrogant. However, there are times when it is foolish to do nothing, say nothing– especially when you are only dealing with human clients on one side of the language divide! I’m sure the documents weren’t offended that you told the American attorneys it was a waste of your time to translate them. You saved them a lot of time and money. I have saved people time and money by telling them a situation did not need two interpreters. I am an advocate of team interpreting, and I cannot work alone for more than 20 or 30 minutes of continuous speech, but when it’s really sporadic, I don’t need a team. To be fair, I would discuss this with the other interpreter to see which one of us feels they need the job. If they would have kept quiet about the surplus of interpreters, and I have reason to believe I will get work elsewhere, I will offer to be the one to turn back the job (I’m talking about repeating or continuous assignments).

    Now, to your other issue: You didn’t just save them time and money; you used your knowledge to help them get what they wanted. This is a good ethical dilemma. I think most of us do this sometimes whether we know it or not, but occasionally it’s a decision we deliberate. I once interpreted a video relay call for an hour where the Deaf caller was trying to get some information specific to services to the Deaf, but no one she connected to or was transferred to was aware of the services they provide. I was well aware, because I had interpreted many calls to this company before. After a painful hour of keeping my knowledge to myself, I finally decided to do something. I said, “Excuse me for a moment,” in English, which made it sound like the Deaf caller had said it. I then suggested to the Deaf caller that they Google a specific string of search terms. They did, and they found what they had been looking for for an hour. I asked the Deaf person to please not tell the Hearing person I had told them. The Deaf person thanked me and understood my request, and simply said, “Don’t you people use Google to find information about your own company and help customers? I just Googled [such-and-such] and found it right away!” Luckily, in this case, the Deaf person felt no resentment at me for “taking control” because I really didn’t take control; I simply provided one client with information that would help them and not hurt the other client (after all, the Hearing client would get the Deaf client’s business if they just knew where to point the Deaf client). I was able to do this without saying to both parties, “Okay, hold on, people. I know the answer and this is what it is.” I have often wanted to do that as an interpreter, but I almost always bite my tongue / site on my hands. 😉

    By the way, I armed myself with this tenet of the Code of Professional Conduct developed in cooperation between the National Association of the Deaf and the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf:

    2.0 PROFESSIONALISM.

    Tenet: Interpreters possess the professional skills and knowledge required for the specific interpreting situation.

    Guiding Principle: Interpreters are expected to stay abreast of evolving language use and trends in the profession of interpreting as well as in the American Deaf community.

    Illustrative behavior 2.6: Judiciously provide information or referral regarding available interpreting or community resources without infringing upon consumers’ rights.

    I felt my behavior was ethical, especially since the information I provided was specific to “available interpreting or community resources” and I didn’t infringe on anyone’s rights.

    * I looked up the word “charge” just now to see if I wanted to use it, and this is the operative definition I found: “the responsibility of taking care or control of someone or something” (American Heritage Dictionary in Mac OS X). And look at the word “responsibility.” Rather than looking at it as a “burden,” I like to remember that it is the ability to respond! Also, “charge” can mean power. Power is not a bad thing if used for good.

    Rosado Professional Solutions's avatarThe Professional Interpreter

    Dear Colleagues,

    We all have clients who at one time or another have asked us to translate materials that we know, or learn after reviewing them, are useless or irrelevant for our client’s objective.

    One time I was asked to translate a Mexican court file that was close to forty thousand words. The client needed the translation to avoid that a client be prosecuted for crimes not included in the extradition order issued by the requested party.  When I came on board to participate in the translation process, others had been involved for months (if not years) translating endless documents, international conventions, and case law. I must add that the American attorneys, although excellent and capable, were not very familiar with International Law.  Because of my background as an attorney, from the time I joined the team, I was able to notice the uselessness of translating a bunch of documents…

    View original post 225 more words